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Author: Afzal Badshah, PhD

Encapsulation in C++: A Beginner Guide

Encapsulation in C++: A Beginner Guide

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Encapsulation in object-oriented programming is a core principle. It helps keep data safe and programs modular. Imagine a School Management App: students can view their class (through a getter), but only the administration system can update it (using a setter). This story highlights how encapsulation mirrors real-world roles. Encapsulation ensures data safety and modular design. Imagine using a car or a smartphone: you interact with simple controls on the surface, while the complicated wiring and mechanisms are hidden inside. This…

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Classes and Objects in C++: Beginner’s Guide with Real-Life Examples

Classes and Objects in C++: Beginner’s Guide with Real-Life Examples

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Programming is about solving real-life problems. Imagine you’re designing a software to manage a car showroom, or a student database. In both cases, you deal with real-world entities like cars and students. Each of these has data (like name, color, roll number) and behavior (like start the car, register a course). To represent such entities in programming, we use two powerful tools: Let’s break this down step by step. What is a Class? A class is a template or blueprint…

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A Comprehensive Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

A Comprehensive Introduction to Artificial Intelligence

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the science of creating machines or systems that can perform tasks that normally require human-like intelligence. AI research and applications revolve around four central abilities: perception, reasoning, learning, and acting. Together, these capabilities allow intelligent systems to sense their surroundings, process information, adapt through experience, and interact with the world effectively. Perception Perception refers to the ability of an intelligent system to sense and interpret data from the environment. Just as humans use their eyes, ears,…

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Inheritance in Java for Beginners: Complete Guide with Examples and Real-Life Explanation

Inheritance in Java for Beginners: Complete Guide with Examples and Real-Life Explanation

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Inheritance is one of the core ideas in object-oriented programming. It allows one class to use the properties and behavior of another class. In simple terms, inheritance helps us create a new class based on an existing class. The existing class is called the base class or parent class, and the new class is called the derived class or child class. What is the purpose of inheritance? Suppose we are building a system for a school. We create a class…

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Inheritance in C++ for Beginners: Complete Guide with Examples and Real-Life Explanation

Inheritance in C++ for Beginners: Complete Guide with Examples and Real-Life Explanation

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Inheritance is one of the core ideas in object-oriented programming. It allows one class to use the properties and behavior of another class. In simple terms, inheritance helps us create a new class based on an existing class. The existing class is called the base class or parent class, and the new class is called the derived class or child class. Visit the detailed tutorial here.  What is the purpose of inheritance? Suppose we are building a system for a…

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Classes and Objects in Java: Beginner’s Guide with Real-Life Examples

Classes and Objects in Java: Beginner’s Guide with Real-Life Examples

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Programming is about solving real-life problems. Imagine you’re designing a software to manage a car showroom, or a student database. In both cases, you deal with real-world entities like cars and students. Each of these has data (like name, color, roll number) and behavior (like start the car, register a course). You can visit the detailed tutorial here. To represent such entities in programming, we use two powerful tools: Let’s break this down step by step. What is a Class?…

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Merge PDF and Images into a Single File — Free, Unlimited, and Easy to Use

Merge PDF and Images into a Single File — Free, Unlimited, and Easy to Use

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Are you tired of using online PDF mergers that impose strict limitations, watermark your files, or charge a subscription fee? Look no further. Introducing the powerful and completely free PDF & Image Merger — a desktop application designed to let you merge multiple PDF documents and image files (JPG, PNG) into a single PDF effortlessly. No internet required. No hidden charges. No file size or file count restrictions. What Is This Tool? The PDF/Image Merger is a lightweight desktop application…

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Why Bloom’s Taxonomy Alone Is Not Enough: A Teacher’s Perspective

Why Bloom’s Taxonomy Alone Is Not Enough: A Teacher’s Perspective

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I have been teaching for sixteen years. For the last eight years, I have tried to align my lesson plans, classroom activities, and assessments with Bloom’s Taxonomy. I believed that planning teaching in steps (according to the Bloom’s) would help my students reach higher-order thinking skills. However, despite my efforts, I did not see the success I hoped for. Many students remained at the lower levels: just recalling facts or showing basic understanding, without moving on to analysis, evaluation, or…

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Performance Optimization and Load Balancing in Cloud Computing

Performance Optimization and Load Balancing in Cloud Computing

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Cloud computing has revolutionized the way applications and services are delivered to users. However, to provide consistent and fast services to users, cloud systems must maintain high performance and manage workloads efficiently. Two critical concepts that enable this are performance optimization and load balancing. Imagine a situation where a popular website like Amazon receives thousands of users during a sale. If the system doesn’t optimize its performance or balance the load effectively, users will face slow loading, errors, or even…

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Cloud Orchestration and Automation Tutorial for Beginners: A Complete Guide with Examples

Cloud Orchestration and Automation Tutorial for Beginners: A Complete Guide with Examples

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Automation and orchestration are two foundational concepts in cloud computing that streamline operations, improve efficiency, and ensure systems are scalable and resilient. This tutorial introduces both concepts in a clear, structured format with real-world examples, making it easy for students and beginners to understand how they work individually and together. What is Cloud Automation? Cloud automation refers to the process of automatically completing individual tasks or operations in a cloud environment without human intervention. These tasks can include launching virtual…

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